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Genome
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Genome
The X1 pandemic ravaged the world. Billions were infected, 30 million died. It was not an act of nature. X1 was man-made, a deadly plague deliberately released for one reason only: to force people to take the cure.But the cure is worse than the disease, a sophisticated nanotechnology that has the potential to enslave all humanity.Dr Peyton Shaw's search for the culprits and a countermeasure starts at the ends of the Earth, on a sunken submarine beneath the Arctic ice.It will take her deep into humanity's past, towards a revelation that will rewrite our history...The final thrilling instalment of The Extinction Files will change your very understanding of what it means to be human, blending meticulous scientific research with the heart-pounding fiction that has made A.G.RIDDLE a global phenomenon.
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HUMAN GENOME
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Genome Biophysics
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What is a mitochondrial genome?
A mitochondrial genome is the genetic material found within the mitochondria, which are small structures within cells that are responsible for producing energy. Unlike the nuclear genome, which is inherited from both parents, the mitochondrial genome is inherited exclusively from the mother. It is a circular piece of DNA that contains genes necessary for the mitochondria to function, including those involved in energy production and metabolism. Mutations in the mitochondrial genome can lead to a variety of genetic disorders and diseases.
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What is the Human Genome Project?
The Human Genome Project was an international scientific research project that aimed to map and understand all the genes of the human species. It was completed in 2003 and involved identifying and sequencing the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA. The project provided a foundation for understanding the genetic basis of human biology and disease, and has led to advances in personalized medicine, genetic testing, and gene therapy. The Human Genome Project has had a profound impact on the field of genetics and has paved the way for further research into the human genome.
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What is a genome mutation in a zygote?
A genome mutation in a zygote is a change in the DNA sequence that occurs at the moment of fertilization when the sperm and egg combine to form a single cell. This mutation can be a result of errors in DNA replication, exposure to mutagens, or other environmental factors. These mutations can lead to genetic disorders or variations in the offspring's traits.
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What is the difference between DNA and genome?
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms. It is a long, double-stranded molecule that is found in the cells of all living organisms. On the other hand, a genome refers to the complete set of an organism's DNA, including all of its genes and non-coding sequences. In other words, DNA is the individual molecule that carries genetic information, while the genome is the entire collection of an organism's genetic material.
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Genome Data Analysis
This textbook describes recent advances in genomics and bioinformatics and provides numerous examples of genome data analysis that illustrate its relevance to real world problems and will improve the reader’s bioinformatics skills.Basic data preprocessing with normalization and filtering, primary pattern analysis, and machine learning algorithms using R and Python are demonstrated for gene-expression microarrays, genotyping microarrays, next-generation sequencing data, epigenomic data, and biological network and semantic analyses.In addition, detailed attention is devoted to integrative genomic data analysis, including multivariate data projection, gene-metabolic pathway mapping, automated biomolecular annotation, text mining of factual and literature databases, and integrated management of biomolecular databases. The textbook is primarily intended for life scientists, medical scientists, statisticians, data processing researchers, engineers, and other beginners in bioinformatics who are experiencing difficulty in approaching the field.However, it will also serve as a simple guideline for experts unfamiliar with the new, developing subfield of genomic analysis within bioinformatics.
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The Pomegranate Genome
The volume is a comprehensive resource for researchers, scholars, and enthusiasts in the field of pomegranate research.It delves into various aspects of the pomegranate crop, providing an extensive coverage of its botany, taxonomy, germplasm conservation and utilization, genome, and functional genomics.The work provides a detailed understanding of the pomegranate's genetic makeup and its potential applications.The research presented in the book focuses on the identification and analysis of key genes and gene families of pomegranates, and sheds light on their functions and contributions to the plant's growth and development.By uncovering these genetic insights, researchers can further explore the plant's potential for agricultural improvement and its adaptation to various environmental conditions.Moreover, the book goes beyond genetic analysis and delves into the conservation and utilization of pomegranate germplasm.It provides insights into the preservation and sustainable management of the plant's genetic resources, ensuring their availability for future generations.This aspect of the book highlights the importance of maintaining biodiversity and the potential benefits it brings to agriculture and food security.It also explores a review of pomegranate genomes, multiomics, and chloroplast genome.By examining these aspects, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the plant's molecular mechanisms, metabolic pathways, and evolutionary history.This knowledge contributes to the development of improved breeding strategies, disease resistance, and the enhancement of desirable traits in pomegranate cultivars. In conclusion, the serves as a reference for anyone interested in the botany and genetics of this unique fruit species.Its comprehensive coverage of various aspects of pomegranate research, from its genetic composition to its functional genomics and germplasm conservation, makes it a valuable tool for advancing our understanding and utilization of this remarkable crop.
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What's in Your Genome? : 90% of Your Genome Is Junk
What’s in Your Genome? describes the functional regions of the human genome, the evidence that 90% of it is junk DNA, and the reasons this evidence has not been widely accepted by the popular press and much of the scientific community. The human genome contains about 25,000 protein-coding and noncoding genes and many other functional elements, such as origins of replication, regulatory elements, and centromeres.Functional elements occupy only about 10 percent of the more than three billion base pairs in the human genome.Much of the rest is composed of ancient fragments of broken genes, transposons, and viruses.Almost all of this is thought to be junk DNA, based on evidence that dates back fifty years. This conclusion is controversial. What’s in Your Genome? describes the arguments on both sides of the debate and attempts to explain the reasoning behind those different points of view.The book corrects a number of false narratives that have arisen in recent years and examines how they have affected the debate over junk DNA.In addition, Laurence A. Moran focuses on scientific misconceptions and misinformation and on how the junk DNA controversy has been incorrectly portrayed in both the scientific literature and the popular press.Tracing the earliest indications of junk DNA back to the 1960s, the book explains the success of nearly neutral theory and the importance of random genetic drift, which gave rise to the view that evolution produces sloppy genomes full of junk DNA.What’s in Your Genome? aims to offer the most accurate and current account of the human genome.
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Fashion and Environmental Sustainability : Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Technology
The wide range of topics that the book covers are organised into sections reflecting a cradle to grave view of how entrepreneurial, innovative, and tech-savvy approaches can advance environmental sustainability in the fashion sector.These sections include: sustainable materials; innovation in design, range planning and product development; sustainable innovations in fashion supply chains; sustainable innovations in fashion retail and marketing; sustainable alternatives for end-of-life and circular economy initiatives; and more sustainable alternative fashion business models.
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Does genome mean the same as chromosome set?
No, genome and chromosome set are not the same. A genome refers to the complete set of genetic material (DNA) in an organism, including all of its genes. On the other hand, a chromosome set refers to the specific number and types of chromosomes present in a cell. While the genome includes all the genetic information, the chromosome set is a physical structure made up of DNA and proteins that carries the genetic information.
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How can different genome sizes in bacteria be explained?
Different genome sizes in bacteria can be explained by a variety of factors, including the bacteria's ecological niche, evolutionary history, and genetic complexity. Bacteria that live in stable environments may have smaller genomes, as they may not need as many genes to adapt to changing conditions. On the other hand, bacteria that live in diverse or challenging environments may have larger genomes with more genes for adaptation and survival. Additionally, bacteria that have undergone extensive horizontal gene transfer or have symbiotic relationships with other organisms may have larger genomes due to the acquisition of additional genetic material. Overall, the genome size of bacteria is a reflection of their evolutionary and ecological context.
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What are the functions of genome mutation in biology?
Genome mutations play a crucial role in biological evolution by introducing genetic diversity within a population. This diversity allows for the adaptation of organisms to changing environments and the development of new traits. Mutations also contribute to genetic variation, which is essential for natural selection to act upon. Additionally, mutations can lead to the development of new species over time, contributing to the overall biodiversity of life on Earth.
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When will the viral genome be cut with CRISPR-Cas?
The viral genome will be cut with CRISPR-Cas when the Cas protein, guided by the CRISPR RNA, recognizes the specific target sequence on the viral genome. Once the Cas protein binds to the target sequence, it will create a double-strand break in the viral DNA, effectively cutting the genome. This process can occur at any time after the CRISPR-Cas system has been activated and the Cas protein has located the target sequence on the viral genome.
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